- Time Period: Pre-WW1
- Institution: 31 October 1898
- Country: Germany (Kingdom of Prussia)
The Jerusalem Cross, also known as the Jerusalem Memorial Cross or “Jerusalem-Kreuz; Jerusalem-Erinnerungskreuz” in German, holds historical significance as a Prussian decoration established on October 31, 1898. Its establishment coincided with Emperor Wilhelm II‘s notable visit to Palestine in the same year. This distinguished award was bestowed upon individuals who had the unique privilege of accompanying Emperor Wilhelm II on his pilgrimage to Palestine and participated in the solemn inauguration ceremony of the Lutheran Church of the Redeemer in Jerusalem.
Emperor Wilhelm II’s journey to Palestine and the dedication of the Lutheran Church of the Redeemer marked a significant event in Prussian history, symbolizing the nation’s cultural and religious ties to the Holy Land. The Jerusalem Cross served as a commemorative token of this historic occasion, honoring those who were part of this remarkable pilgrimage. As a testament to their participation in this momentous event, recipients of the Jerusalem Cross were recognized for their role in fostering diplomatic relations, religious unity, and cultural exchange between Prussia and the Holy Land
The Jerusalem Cross Design
The cross is made in the shape of the Jerusalem cross, which consists of a large cross portent with four plain crosslets between the arms. The crosses are red enameled with silver-gilt borders. In the center of the cross is a round gold colored medallion.
The obverse depicts the Imperial Crown of the Prussian German Emperor surmounting the letters IR (Imperator Rex) over the royal cypher of a stylized W II. The reverse of the medallion bears the date 31 October 1898, which is depicted using a large Roman numeral X in the center for October, and a small Roman numeral XXXI at the top. To the left is MDCCC and to the right side IIC for the year 1898.
